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There are many questions regarding Global Warming,
as to how much is occuring (above normal), and what
are the causes. First, one must understand what exactly
"Global Warming" is:
"The Earth's climate is the result of
extremely complex interactions
among the atmosphere, the oceans,
the land masses, and living
organisms, which are all warmed
daily by the sun's enormous
energy. This heat would radiate
back into space if not for the
atmosphere, which relies on a
delicate balance of heat-trapping
gases -- including water vapor,
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and
methane -- to act as a natural
"greenhouse," keeping in just the
right amount of the sun's energy to
support life." --The Union of Concerned Scientists
Water vapor is the largest contributor to this greenhouse
effect, and the interelationship between Global Warming and
water vapor and clouds is not understood entirely, as reported
in Science, Volume 275 (24/01/97), research by
P. J. Sellers, R. E. Dickinson, D.
A. Randall, A. K. Betts, F. G. Hall,
J. A. Berry, G. J. Collatz, A. S.
Denning, H. A. Mooney, C. A.
Nobre, N. Sato, C. B. Field and A.
Henderson-Sellers.
Perhaps better understood is the connection
between Solar Irradiance variations and climate trends,
as we shall see.
How much CO is produced by nature and how much by mankind?
CO levels in ice cores
CO Levels 120,000 years ago were
as high as today, how much of that was due to man's activities?
None, of course, so what were the temparatures 120,000
years ago? We have little way of knowing this, however, it
wasn't so hot that all glaciers were melted, was it?
There is also the question, within the scientific community,
about just how much influence CO has on Global Warming
(which has been defined by the Greenies as a crisis).
"The simply fact,"
says Michaels, (Pat Michaels, a climatologist at the University of Virginia)
"is that even at the surface the world is not warming
up as much as the modellers say it should." (Jim) Hansen
(NASA) agrees: "Models driven by greenhouse gases alone give warming
about twice as large as observed over the past 150 years--about 1 �C
rather than the observed 0�5 �C to 0�6 �C." For recent years, says
(John) Christy (University of Alabama), "the
models suggest a warming three times what we see".
So, where does that leave us? We have just signed a treaty to
cut back our "green house" gas emmissions by 20%, on what basis?
Models. How accurate are they?
Who knows? Was this a rush to judgement? An orchastrated effort by
the Greenies?
We do have records of Sun spots,
since the 1700's.
Is there any relationship between Solar-variance and climate
(Global Warming)?
This Chart shows the Annual Average (aa) Geomagnetic Index:
How does this fit into Global Warming? You would have to be
blind to not notice that as Solar activity has increased, so
has Global Warming. Is this the only cause? Probably not,
however, since "The Little Ice Age" of the 1700's, Solar
activity has increased. The "Little Ice Age" occurred during a
low point of Solar activity known as the
"Maunder Minimum".
What else may be causing Global
Warming?
Would you believe the earth wobbles?
Earth rotation research
will also contribute to understanding global
climate change, which connects all
fundamental and applied earth and life
sciences. A USGS report dated 13Febuary1997 says:
They measured how trends in the biodiversity of fossilized
ostracodes varied over a half-million year interval of
alternating cold (glacial) and warm (interglacial) climates.
The microscopic fossil shells were preserved in deep-sea
sediment cores recovered from the North Atlantic Ocean by
the Ocean Drilling Program.
By comparing the trends in biodiversity with global climate
change as determined from the chemistry of the shells, the
authors were able to establish a statistical correspondence
between diversity and climate changes that were caused by
cycles of the Earth's orbit relative to the sun. The astronomical
or orbital theory of climate holds that changes in the seasonal
and geographical distribution of the sun's energy reaching the
upper atmosphere strongly influence Earth's climate over tens of
thousands of years. Today the Earth tilts at 23.5 degrees
relative to its plane of orbit, causing the seasons, but tilt
has varied from about 22 to 25 degrees in the past due to
changing gravitational effects from the other planets. These
changes in the Earth's tilt alter the amount of solar radiation
reaching Earth at different latitudes.
Cronin and Raymo discovered that orbital cycles of tilt also
influence biodiversity: diverse species-rich communities
characterize warm interglacial periods like today (high tilt),
while diversity drops significantly during glacial periods
when global ice sheets expand in size (low tilt).
Conclusion:
We are rushing headlong into a global big government treaty which will limit our freedom, increase our taxes (in unseen ways), and bring a Global Change of its own. Meanwhile, China* (*UPDATE: China signed the treaty in May, 1998; apparently it was totalitarian enough for them), India, and Mexico are exempt from this albatross. Should not we have a more sound scientific basis for this? Remember, those darn clouds are giving the Modelists fits. If such a simple thing as cloud formation causes the Modelists to "readjust" their models(*UPDATE: Now there is a silly theory that as the earth warms there will be record low temperatures in the Anarctica and those record low temperatures are destroying the Ozone Layer--any proof? Of course not, but it is being reported as fact by the sheep running the mass media), what else have they not considered? If you personally wish to use less fossil fuel because you believe that it is killing the planet, why do you need the government to tell you what to do?
"Have you heard the one about the Global Warming scientist?"
(660k wav file from www.CSE.org)
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